Whether the fight was on the up-n-up or not, there are many plausible reasons why this happened. Think outside the box, if you post a comment. Of course this issue has been beaten to death, but I am putting several 'possible scenario's in the pictorial book. 1) No casualty company would underwrite any fight with Sonny Liston involved in it. That meant, anyone who wanted to promote a fight with Sonny Liston, would put all the investment money at risk, with no loss protection. No bond company would underwrite anything with Sonny Liston associated with it. Sonny Liston, as a World Champion and as a Contender in a Title Fight, was basically uninsureable. Though it wasn't Sonny Listons fault the November 16, 1964 fight in Boston was cancelled, still with him being involved, their was a net loss of $450,000+. In the Life and Casualty Bond Companies, Sonny Liston's name had a phrase attached to it. 'Underwrite a Fight with Sonny, and the Company Will Lose Money, Honey'. Without an underwriter to put up a Bond or Insure the Bout, that meant, unless you were 'cash rich', you couldn't promote a 'big money' fight. 2) Escrow money. The LSG and Cassius Clay (before name change) had to put $150,000 of their February 1964 Fight Purse in escrow, to guarantee a return-bout. Inter-Continental Promotions was the holder of that account. One scenario was that I-C-P and Sonny Liston got to keep that money, as result of Muhammad Ali pulling out of the November 16th bout in Boston. Another one was, I-C-P and Sonny Liston got to keep the money and not reimburse LSG and Muhammad Ali the $150,000, in return for a non-threatening performance in Lewiston, Maine.
Yeah, that's the only one that really sells it to me. He was owned by the mafia, that's not really in dispute. He was attracting trouble like a lightning rod. His two principal owners were both in serious trouble with the law, hence, money troubles, and mafia was basically about to cash out its boxing interests. Add it all up.
Is there much evidence that mobsters continued to control Liston after the early 60s ? (I guess Il Duce can help us out here)
3) Sports Vision, Inc. (the closed circuit broadcaster and major financial arm) had calculated that an Ali Vs. Patterson Title Fight would gross 5x more than any possible Sonny Liston vs. an opponent combination, including a possible Liston vs. Clay (Ali) III. 4) All State Boxing Commissions (privately) wanted Sonny Liston and his under-world connections out. His group was bringing to much heat on everyone involved in boxing.
I wouldn't go as far to say Sonny Liston was controlled by anyone. Was he associated with some of the 'underworld types',,,, yes. I would say he was 'advised' by some factions of the 'syndicate'. There is a link between St. Louis/Chicago/Philadelphia. With the Chicago-base calling the shots, on an 'advisory-basis'. It is apparent, that after the Ali - Liston II fight, he was pretty much on his own in Denver.
It's been done, over and over and over again, and it needs referencing, and it's not about boxing, it's about contracts and dates and really it's pretty boring. Not reading about it, but organising it. The best one ever was in a thread Janitor started. It was unrelated, Joe Louis if I remember, and it just was pages and pages, Stonehands, Chris and myself. It was fun to do it once, and even to use the residue of those postings, but it's not small thing you ask I like Il Duce's posting on Liston too, but he's got a book coming and he's determined that the dive wasn't mafia-specific. It's a very interesting counter-point, but you're unlikely to get an unbiased overview of the mafia involvement, I think.
Has anyone considered: 5) He got his ass handed to him the first time, and he didn't want to go over another long painful episode, so he decided to lie down?